LEGAL STUDIES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

LEGAL STUDIES - Essay Example..1 Therefore, it was his duty to preserve the development received by him by fax as secret. Being a civil consideration, he must have had some experience in making difference between secret entropy and mankind one. Geoffrey power be found guilty under subsection 1, section3 of the perform (1) as being A person who is or has been a Crown servant or government contractor is guilty of an offence if without lawful authority he makes a damaging disclosure of(a)any information, document or other condition relating to international relations. Geoffrey told his wife Jean about the information in the fax without lawful authority, as required by the law. According to Section 7 of the Act For the purposes of this Act, authorized disclosure is defined as a disclosure by a Crown servant is do with lawful authority if, and only if, it is made in accordance with his official duty. Geoffrey did not have the necessary authorization to disclose that kind of infor mation and therefore, he should have kept it to himself. On the other hand, Geoffrey might have not known that this information was secret, as the case description speaks about a secret agreement between Government ministers and the linked Nations that no exact figures would be given as to the number involved. Therefore, he might raise the defence provided by the Official Secrets Act 1989, in Section 3, subsection (4), which stipulates that It is a defence for a person charged with an offence under this section to prove that at the time of the alleged offence he did not know, and had no reasonable cause to believe, that the information, document or article in question was such as is mentioned in subsection (1) above or that its disclosure would be damaging within the meaning of that subsection. If Geoffrey can prove that he was not aware that the information was confidential and its disclosure would be damaging, he might avoid being held liable for disclosing it. On the other hand, by telling his wife, whom he, of course, knew that is a journalist, it must have occurred to his mind that his wife, as any journalist, might use that information in her own interest and make it public. I believe that Geoffrey, as a Crown servant, should have acted with caution as regards the information and find out if it is secret or not before passing it to other parties. His wife, on the other hand, might be held liable for publishing this information under Section 5 of the Act, within the provisions of which she might fall. Section 5 (2) stipulates that Subject to subsections (3) and (4) below, the person into whose possession the information, document or article has perplex is guilty of an offence if he discloses it without lawful authority knowing, or having reasonable cause to believe, that it is protected against disclosure by the foregoing provisions of this Act and that it has set into his possession as mentioned in subsection (1) above. So, unless the disclosure was n ot damaging, Jean can be held liable under the Act. This is the case of the information passed to Jean by her husband, as he entrusted her that information, in accordance with Subsection 1, Section 5 of the Act. Geoffrey should have warned his wife about the importance of the information and the necessity to keep it secret. This is applicable, unless Geoffrey intentionally told his wife about t

Modern Judaism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Modern Judaism - Essay ExampleFollowing the traditional Jewish rule, Orthodox Judaism requires men and women tap separately in their synagogues. Moreover, women cannot participate in certain rituals. Orthodox Judaism does not have any central authority. Synagogues are established by separate groups of Jews. As a result, every synagogue demonstrates the distinctive ideological aspects inwardly Orthodox Judaism. In turn, conservative Judaism fosters the practice of traditional Judaism while embracing modernity (Variants within Judaism). It occupies a middle position between the two main types of Judaism. Its main feature is that it demonstrates loyalty to matters of faith, however, is conservative with respect to the principles of religious practice. The purpose of the study of hallowed texts is to make Judaism more relevant in the modern society. Liberal Judaism also referred to as Progressive or Reform Judaism has its own peculiarities of the temple service. In particular, the sl ope language is used in worship, men and women are allowed to be in the same room in the synagogue. In addition, women may also be refer in all aspects of the temple

1 page synopsis that you think embodies the notion of skepticism Essay

1 page synopsis that you think embodies the notion of skepticism - Essay ExampleHe believes that huge advancements do in scientific research would enable us to meet the aliens on equal footing.The author actually means that as history of civilization has shown, study of society vis--vis education, science and technology and democratic pattern of society has made us more tolerant and inclusive society that thrives on understanding and uncouth respect. So the more advanced aliens would also behave in similar way and would prefer to understand and corroborate rather than destroy us. It is for this reason that he is skeptic of Stephen Hawkings prophecy that aliens would be like nomads who would be colonizing planets when they reach there.The article is interesting because it discusses aliens invasion or their encounter with us in future. He has doubts about Stephen Hawkings belief about the nature of encounter with aliens because of his idea that advancements have made us more civiliz ed Indeed, it has resulted in development but today, we have more wars and acts of violence which have become lethal due to technology. So aliens could be violent species and we should be prepared for that. (words

Hype or reality Health and wellness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Hype or reality Health and wellness - Essay Example). The fact that competition has increased, is not only because of the desires of businesses to grow larger and better but also because of the ever growing unique needs and wants of consumers. These unique needs are a result of high level of advisedness amongst consumers, which in turn is because of immense media proliferation, through internet, social networking sites, television, radio, print media, telephones etc (Top x Trends for Healthcare & Wellness in 2012 HealthFlock). An aware consumer comprehends his needs better, identifies what is his requirement, and marketers or on large businesses, face the challenge to get into that consumers mind identify his needs and come up with such a combination of products and services as to satisfy that particular segment of large target market and sustain their aggressive approach towards understanding consumer needs (Top Ten Trends for Healthcare & Wellness in 2012 HealthFlock). ... ell ness is different in a way that it almost created a new canvas for itself to inflate in the industry that was a part of cosmetic beauty and medicine industry yet very different because of the amalgamation of ideas being brought together to generate the need in the minds of consumers (Market Trends suffer More Growth for Wellness Industry Company News Wellsource). This was not an easy task to generate a need for a product or service which has many indirect competitors coming from several other fields of life and business, besides that the product offered was not a commodity but a luxury availed by the elites of societies, who had reserves of unlimited disposable income available to them all the time. A swift transition can strengthen the base of industry. Transition of wellness and wellness services to be perceived as an essential commodity for personal care, from the establishment time concept of it being a luxury stage made for the entertainment of elitist classes of societies. Before moving on a few fact and figures related to industry, one must not forget to mention active the logic of The Wellness Guru, Paul Zane Pilzer, in his book The Next Trillion claims that more than half of the US population is unhealthy and overweight because of the health and wellness industry and the exponential growth in food industry (The Wellness Revolution). According to Paul Zane Pilzers The Wellness Revolution $1.5 trillion of the US economy immediately is emerging from the wellness heavens of the nation (The Wellness Revolution), while the Guru also extrapolates these figures to generate an estimated amount of $1 trillion additional to be invested in the sector by the end of year 2010, with the motive of ensuring a healthier, prettier and long lasting fresh

International Economic History Since 1870 Essay

International Economic History Since 1870 - Essay ExampleThe industrial and manufacturing base was strengthened with electrification and military expansion contributing towards beef up the countrys economy through the development of a strong domestic base. The strength of Japans institutions played a significant subprogram in the strength of its economy, so that even after the Second World War and subordination to the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers, Japan was able to reappear as one of the strongest economies of the world (Allen 1981). Japans economy has demonstrated a remarkable rustle as compared to other countries, and the period of significant economic growth has been marked by three spurts in growth in the 1910s, the 1930s and 1960s. There have been several reasons that have been proffered for the meteoric economic rise of Japan. Perhaps this can best be summed up in the words of one Japanese economist, Japan is an example of a fantastically creative reaction to defe at.which brought about.a far greater scale of devastation in the economy of Japan, necessitating a fresh renovating start in almost every aspect. (Tsuru, 1993, p 67)The long period of Tokugawa rule could be viewed as an isolationist state, or as some researchers have postulated a period of peace and stability that fostered initiatives by the State to improve economic conditions within the country (Ohkawa and Rosovsky, 1973). During the period of enforced isolation, the economy of Japan was inextricably linked with politics and the culture of the shogun and daimyo ensured that a stringently regulated internal system flourished within the country, which enabled sustained domestic growth. The role of the State in fostering economic growth has also been supported by Mosk(2001) and Minami (1994), who have highlighted the achievements of the Togukawa era , when there was a high level of urbanization

A Significant Problem of the Airline Industry and the Profitability of Research Paper

A Significant Problem of the Airline Industry and the favourableness of the Company - Research Paper ExampleThe Rivalry is a major factor that influences the operation of a business in the industry. At present, there ar 10 best budget airlines operating in Asia that has been rated by Smart Asia Travel, an online travel magazine (rediff.com, 2008) as Asias top 10 budget airlines. On the basis of cheap tickets, reliable schedules, decent service, route network and access, Air Asia has been rated number one by this travel magazine. Other budget airlines that follow atomic number 18 Jetstar Asia, Nok Air, Tiger Airways, Cebu Pacific, Virgin Blue, Air Deccan, Spice Jet, Viva Macau and Hongkong Express. Rivalry among the budget airlines is considered intense because of its big number that competes for the same number of customers and market shares. Thus, there is a continuing race for leadership in budget airlines. Others reasons that intensify rivalry among budget airlines are the high fixed costs that require airlines to implement strategies to draw in passengers and fill the airlines into the full capacity to attain the lowest cost per unit. High fixed cost is required in operating an airline, thus Air Asia necessarily to sell to a large number of passengers in order to attain profitability. This situation leads to the increased rivalry. Because of these high fixed costs, a firm finds it hard to gift an exit in the industry. Take, for example, the situation of Air Asia that incurred huge losses before 2001 when it was owned by the government. The takeover of Tony Fernandez, a private investor revived the business and steered it to profitability.

Pocahontas Term Paper Essay Example for Free

Pocahontas Term Paper EssayIn Camilla Townsends book, Pocahontas and the Powhatan Dilemma, Townsend points show up that there are many historic inaccuracies and myths that are associated with the story of Pocahontas. Using historical demo to support the story of Pocahontas, Townsend attempted to create an accurate timeline pitch the past to the present. At the same time, the Disney pullulate Pocahontas attempted to depict Algonquian culture accurately, however, according to history, every(prenominal) overmuch of the material presented in the exposure is full of misconceptions and is historic exclusivelyy imprecise. In fact, Disneys Pocahontas epitomizes John smith and Pocahontas as heroes who pr level maketed a war between the Algonquian primordial Ameri endure tribes and the colonists who were living in Jamestown. However, historical evidence proves that at the time John Smith came into pass with Powhatan, Pocahontas was simply a young child to a greater extent or less the age of ten and, thus had very curt influence over her father. Additionally, the film depicts John Smith as a leader who was looked up to by the other colonists, while historical records prove that he had do many enemies by the time he had left Jamestown.1 Disney wrongly portray particular pieces of the Native American experience with the European colonists, specifically regarding Pocahontas, yet, it is beta to experience the audience that this part of history was world presented to. One of the biggest historical inaccuracies presented in the Disney film Pocahontas is the love story between John Smith and Pocahontas. The film exhibited John Smith and Pocahontas as falling madly in love at first sight. This love is represented in the film with the colors of the wind which can often be seen circling Smith or Pocahontas. In the book, Townsend endures evidence of a relationship between the two that included only friendship, laughter, and education, but not love. A demo nstration of this relationship would be when Pocahontas participated in a class of mutual language instruction with John Smith.2 In fact, it is from these lessons that Smith was able to write down the only full Powhatan sentences to ever be recorded. While there was no love between Smith and Pocahontas, historical evidence has shown that Smith thought about Pocahontas in sexualways. Actually, council investigation openly acknowlight-emitting diodeged that he made lewd comments about her or having even d bingle things to her in jokes, or in moments of sexual arousal.3 The true love story in Pocahontas occurred between John Rolfe and Pocahontas at the Jamestown settlement a few years after Smith had made contact with the Algonquian tribe. Unfortunately, Rolfe was not even represented in the first Pocahontas film.Another historical inaccuracy that can be seen in the Disney film is the physical depiction of both John Smith and Pocahontas. The film portrays Smith as a young, tall, blon de-haired, blue-eyed colonist who is hand around and interested in protecting the Native Americans after coming into contact with Pocahontas. In contrast, historical evidence mentions that he was interested in control, and his intent was to deoxidize the Native Americans so that they could be made to work for their conquerors.4 Smith was particularly interested in power and control over the Native Americans to raise the cause in the New World for the English, which unfortunately had passed the English by for at least a century.5 Interestingly, Smith is portrayed in the film as being a young adult, of similar age to Pocahontas however, in reality he was a middle-aged man with a large proved, and much older than Pocahontas.6 Smith is not the only person who was represented inaccurately by Disney in the film. Pocahontas is portrayed in the film as being a tall, beautiful, young adult who is free-spirited and passionate about nature. The most serious inaccuracy regarding Pocahontas is undoubtedly the fact that she is represented as a young adult, most likely around the age of twenty. According to historical records, Pocahontas, at the time of Smiths arrival to the New World, was only ten years old.7 Additionally, the film depicts Pocahontas as being shocked and in awe of the English, however, evidence shows that at no point did Powhatan, Pocahontas, or any of their people look on the strangers with wide-mouthed awe or consider them gods.8 In fact, it is because of her young age that Townsend believes that Powhatan and his advisors were hardly under her influence when it came to policy decisions. Thus, her representation as a young adult is historically inaccurate and was clearly put in place to support the imaginary love story between her and John Smith and make this fairy tale appear more believable.In Disneys Pocahontas, it is evident that Powhatan desires Pocahontas to marry a Native American. In fact, the film even depicts Powhatan selecting Kocoom,one o f his strongest warriors, to be Pocahontas future husband. However, Townsend shines light on the idea that Powhatan did not have a strong preference about who Pocahontas married because Pocahontas nonplus lacked political significance.9 For this reason, any male child that Pocahontas was to bear would have not been placed in a seat of power, so it was not particularly necessary that she marry at all. As a result, she was apt(p) the choice of whom she wanted to marry. Interestingly, historical records indicate that Pocahontas married a man named Kocoom, around the age of twelve or thirteen and that she must have like him very much indeed.10 So while the Disney film inaccurately portrayed Powhatans interest in Pocahontas love life, the film was able to successfully introduce Kocoom as a great warrior who had love for Pocahontas. Unfortunately, the film also inaccurately depicted a skirmish between Smith and Kocoom, which ultimately led to Kocooms death after being shot in the back. One thing historians are certain about is that Kocoom was the first husband of Pocahontas, however, within a few years Kocoom seems to have disappeared.11 The true story behind what exactly happened to Kocoom is up for debate, although many believe that he could have been killed in war, as he was a warrior for Powhatan. Another historical inaccuracy in Pocahontas is the portrayal of Powhatan as a person who practices monogamy. In fact, there are slight references in the film that Pocahontas mother had died, thus, making Powhatan a widow. While it is possible that Pocahontas mother died, historians know that Powhatan practiced polygamy regardless, due to the numerous amount of children he had. Through this system, whole clans of brothers and sisters had an lucid shared interest in remaining united and maintaining their familys power.12 In Townsends book, it is stated that in order to maintain rule over the tribes he conquered, Powhatan would simply marry a woman of their royal fami ly because a son conceived by her would grow up with loyalty to both his father and to his mothers people.13 To be ensured of this loyalty, the children were to be raised by Powhatan himself.The film also portrayed the inaccurate idea that Powhatan was interested in killing all of the colonists. In fact, what Powhatan really wanted was to gain metal tools as well as technology in the form of guns, knives, hatchets and pans this is the reason why he made a deal John Smith.14 Townsend even included the fact that Powhatan was interested inestablishing kinship ties as a means of ensuring his expanding control.15 While Disney portrayed the story of Pocahontas inaccurately in many ways, some of the historical information was displayed in a correct manner. At the beginning of the film, the women of the tribe can be seen working in the fields. This, from the study of history, is accurate because we know that every member of the tribe worked in the village, even the royal family.16 Women cou ld be seen dividing into groups in the morning some would work the field, some would pick up firewood, and others would gather Tuckahoe to make flour.17 The film also depicted the Native Americans telling of great stories that included the European conquests of parts of the New World. Being that Native American culture is passed down orally, historians can easily accept this idea that historical tales were told around campfires. Townsend explains that on an common evening, Pocahontas might have sat in the flickering light of torches and the central firelistening to the older people tell stories.18 While historians will never know exactly what Pocahontas was taught about her ancestry, it is safe to assume that there were many stories about the prior attempts of colonization that the coat-wearers had on their land. When analyzing the historical inaccuracies of the Disney film Pocahontas, it is important to keep in mind the audience that the film was created for. Disney undoubtedly cr eated the film as a way to introduce the concept of Native Americans to children. In fact, one could argue that the primary audience that this film was intended for is between the ages of six and nine. As a result, Disney would not want to create a film that portrays all Europeans as power-hungry and eager to conquer the world in violent ways. After all, American children are more than likely living on land that belonged to the Native Americans at one time. It would not be favorable for Disney to illustrate the people around these children as a group who is interested in stealing from others. Disney hopes to inculcate kids about the importance of giving to others and keeping those you love close. Thus, this is why we see John Smith and Pocahontas as attractive role models who fall madly in love. Pocahontas was created to be a fairytale that portrayed the idea of ultimate love and happiness, not to show the utter destruction that the Native Americans and their land suffered from aft er contact with the Europeans.One could argue that Pocahontas was created to depict a peaceful transfer of lands from the Native Americans tothe European colonists through mutual agreement, an example of how inaccuracies about the true occurrence still persist today. Disney attempted to develop a film that introduced the history of Native Americans and the New World to young children through a simplistic story with a happy ending. However, this could become dangerous if the children who view the film do not receive proper education about the subject and continuously base facts off the film. In general, making a fictitious representation of true events could pass as unobjectionable in order to make a story more interesting for film. In the case of Pocahontas, when a story works to make the group that was truly at fault look innocent, issues arise in name of proper education and the reinforcement of unjust myths. The film, Pocahontas, was undoubtedly filled with many historical inac curacies, which have caused confusion about the realistic story of Pocahontas, but it did provide truthful, basic background information about Native American lifestyle at the time of the European conquest. I agree with Townsend that Pocahontas deserves for her true story to be known. However, I believe that creating a Disney film was not the best way to accomplish this, nor was it the goal of the company. Introducing the true interactions and agreements made between the Algonquian Native Americans and the European conquerors was not possible to do through an animated Disney film due to the typical audience of the film and the simplistic, family-oriented themes that Disney incorporates. American History classes provided in American schools, particularly in areas that have a strong historical Native American presence, are doing a better job of teaching students about the truthful atrocities that the European settlers created for the Native Americans. It is clear, however, that pop-cu lture may not be at the same level of educating society.Works CitedTownsend, Camilla. Pocahontas and the Powhatan Dilemma. New York Hill and Wang, 2004.Pocahontas. Dir. Mike Gabriel. 1995. DVD.